THE ROLE OF PUBLIC AWARENESS AND DIGITAL LITERACY IN PREVENTING CYBERCRIME IN NIGERIA

<doi>10.24250/jpe/2/2025/GE/</doi>

Abstract

Cybercrime has become a significant threat to Nigeria’s
national security, economic well-being, and individual
privacy. With the nation’s rapid digital advancement and
increased dependence on online platforms, citizens are
increasingly exposed to cyber threats such as phishing,
identity theft, and online financial scams. This study,
therefore, explored how public awareness and digital
literacy serve as preventive measures against cybercrime
in Nigeria. Utilizing a historical research approach, the
study analyzed data from government publications,
scholarly journal articles, and media reports over the last
twenty years to chart the development of cyber threats and
the efforts made to address them. Anchored on Social
Learning Theory, which emphasizes that individuals
acquire behaviours through observation and education, the
study highlights how improved digital knowledge and skills
could help reduce risky online practices and cybercrime
victimization. The findings indicated that, despite efforts by
institutions like the Nigerian Communications Commission
(NCC) and the Economic and Financial Crimes
Commission (EFCC) to promote cybersecurity awareness,
substantial gaps in digital literacy remain, especially in
rural communities and among young people. The study
concluded that promoting public awareness and building
digital capacity are essential for long-term cybercrime
prevention. It recommended, among others, that the
Nigerian government should embed digital literacy into
school curricula from primary to tertiary levels. Beyond
basic ICT, students should learn cybersecurity essentials
such as safe browsing, password protection, and online
privacy. Teaching these skills early will prepare young
people to engage safely and confidently in the digital
world.