AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN PRESCHOOLERS, EXPLANATORY THEORETICAL SOLUTIONS FOR EDUCATORS AND PARENTS

<doi>10.24250/jpe/1/2021/RIH

Authors

  • Ramona Iulia HERMAN “1 December 1918” University of Alba-Iulia

Keywords:

agression, behaviour, psyho emotional development, intervention

Abstract

This article explores the meaning and origin of aggression in the early years of life. Eight ways of violent behavior are suggested, which originate in the early years of childhood. These include: the contribution of individual factors; the effects of broken family dynamics, parental characteristics and policies, the impact of exposure to violence, and the influence of attachment in relationships. Other influences, such as: aggression in relation to medical problems, the influence of neurological development, explanations of psychodynamics, such as aggression in relation to the reflective capacity of mothers, are also discussed.

Aggression in the early years of childhood is not taken seriously, and is often considered to be part of the maturation process. To understand this fact, it is necessary to examine the central theme of aggression, individual socio-cultural aspects, versus aggressive behavior and the significance of aggression. The severity and frequency of aggressive behavior can be reduced by early intervention. In this sense, there is clear evidence, which attests in addition to an optimal psycho-emotional development of the individual, practically marking an improvement of the individual's life at all levels.

Author Biography

Ramona Iulia HERMAN, “1 December 1918” University of Alba-Iulia

PhD

References

Bretherton, I. Waters, E. editors. (1985). Growing points of attachment theory and research. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 1–2.Vol. 6., pp. 66–104. Apud Main M, Kaplan N, Cassidy J. Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthood: A move to the level of representation.

Brennan, P.A. Grekin, E.R. Mednick, S.A. (1999). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and adult male criminal. Archives of General Psychiatry.; 56:215–219.

Calkins, S.D. Gill, K.L. Johnson, M.C. Smith, C.L. (1999). Emotional reactivity and emotional regulation strategies as predictors of social behavior with peers during toddlerhood, Social development. 1999;8:310–334.

Campbell, S. B. (2002). Behavior problems in preschool children: Clinical and developmental issues 2.

Cassidity, J. Shaver, P.R. (1999). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applicationsâ€. New York: Guilford Press; 1999. pp. 68–88 Apud Weinfeld N.S., Sroufe L.A., Egeland B, Carlson EA. The nature of individual differences in infant- caregiverattachment.

Choquet, M. Ledoux, S. (1994). Adolescents. Enquete nationale. Paris: INSERM Corrado R.R. Roesch, R. Hart, S.D. Gierowski, J.K. editors. Multi-problem violent youth: A foundation for comparative research on needs, interventions and outcomesâ€. Amsterdam: IOS Press; 2002. pp. 116–129 Apud Moretti, M. Odgers, C. Aggressive and violent girls: Prevalence, profiles and contributing factors.

Cramer, B. (1995). Short term dynamic psychotherapy for infants and their parents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1995;4:655 Crittenden, P. M. (1992). Quality of attachment in the preschool years. Development and Psychopathology , 4, 209-241.

Damon, W. Eisenberg N., ed. (1998). Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development. Vol. 13. New York: Wiley; 1998. pp. 105–176 ApudRothbart M.K., Bates J.E. Temperament.

Dollard, D. Doob, I. Miller, N. Mower, O. Sears, R. (1939). Frustration and Aggression. New Haven: Yale University Press.

El-Sheikh, M. (1994). Children’s emotional and physiological responses to interadult angry behavior: The role of history of interparental hostility. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology;22:661–678.

Fagot, I. Beverly, H. R. (1991). Observations of Parent Reactions to Sex-Stereotyped Behaviors: Age and Sex Effects. Child development.

Fonagy, P. Gergely, G. Jurist, E.L. Target, M. (2002). Affect regulation, mentalization and the development of the self. New York: Other Press.

Garbarino, J. Kostelny, K. Dubrow, N. (1991). What children can tell us about living in danger. American Psychology; 46:376–383.

Greenberg, M. Cicchetti, D. Cummings, M. (1990). Attachment in the preschool years. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1990. pp. 161–182 Apud Main M, Hesse E. Parents’ unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized status: Is frightened and /or frightening parental behavior the linking mechanism?

Guerra, N.G. Huesmann, L.R. Spindler, A. (2003). Community violence exposure, social cognition, and aggression among urban elementary school childrenâ€. Child Development; 74:1561–1576.

Gupta, V.B. Nwosa, N.M. Nadel, T.A. Inamdar, S. (2001). Externalizing behaviors and television viewing in children of low-income minority parents. Clinical Pediatrics; 40:337–341.

Kaufman, G. (1996). The psychology of shame: Theory and treatment of shame-based syndromes. London: Routledge.

Kupersmidt, J.B. Briesler, P.C. DeRosier, M.E. Patterson, C.J. Davis, P.W. (1995). Childhood aggression and peer relations in the context of family and neighborhood factors.ChildDevelopment;66:360–37

Lamb ME. (1975) Fathers: Forgotten contributors to child development. Human Development.;18:245–266

Loeber, R. Farrington, D.P. editors. (1994). Serious and violent juvenile offenders: Risk factors and successful interventions. Apud Hawkins JD, Herrenkohl TL, Farrington DP, Brewer D, Catalano RF, Harachi TW. Development through life: A handbook for clinicians. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific; pp. 488–515.

Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996). Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems. The role of disorganized early attachment patterns. Journal of consulting and Clinical Psychology:64–73.

Lyon, G.R. Krasengor, N.A. editors. (1996). Attention, memory, and executive function. Baltimore: Brookes; pp. 71–93 ApudMirsky AF. Disorders of attention: A neuropsychological perspective.

Moghaddam, F.M. Taylor, D.M., Wright, S.C. (1993). Social psychology in cross-cultural perspective.N.Y: W.H. Freeman.

Olson, H.C., Burgess, D.M., Streissguth, A. (1992). Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol effects (FAE): A life span view with implications for early intervention. Zero toThree.;13:24–29.

Olweus, D. (1979). Stability of aggressive patterns in males: A review. Psychology Bulletin; 86:852–875.

Osofsky, J.D. (1997). Children in a violent society, Apud Bruce D. Perry Incubated in terror: Neurodevelopment factors in the "cycle of violence". The Guilford Press, 129-149.

Patterson, G.R. DeBaryshe, B. Ramsey, E. (1989). A developmental perspective on antisocial behavior. American Psychology; 44: 329–335.

Payton, J.B., Krocker-Tuskan, M. (1988). Children’s reactions to loss of parent through violence.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 27:563–566.

Posne M.I., Rothbart M.K. (2000). Developing mechanisms of self-regulation.Development and Psychopathology 11014746, 12(3):427-41. Review. PubMed PMID

Prince, R., Barrier, D., editors (1974).Congurations: Biological and cultural factors in sexuality and family life. Washington, DC: Heath; 1974. pp. 121–132. ApudStraus M. Cultural and organizational influences on violence between family members.

Robins, LN. (1966). „Deviant children grown upâ€. Baltimore: The Williams, Wilkins Company.

Rutter, M., Hay, D.F., editors. (1994). Development through life: A handbook for clinicians. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific; pp. 488–515 ApudLoerberR.Hay D.F. Developmental approaches to aggression and conduct problems.

Schore, A.N. (2001). The effects of early relational trauma on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental healthâ€. Infant Mental HealthJournal; 22:201–269.

Shahnifar, A. Fox, N.A. Leavitt L.A. (2000). Preschool children’s exposure to violence: Relation of behavior problems to parent and child reports. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 70:115–125.

Shaw, D.S. Owens, E.B. Vondra, J.I. Keenan, K. Winslow, EB. (1996). Early risk factors and pathways in the development of early disruptive behavior problems.Development and Psychopathology (8), 679-699.

Siegel, D.J. (2001). Toward an interpersonal neurobiology of the developing mind: Attachment relationships, ,,mindsight†and neural integration. Infant Mental Health Journal.

Silvern, S.B. Williamson, P.A. (1987). The effects of video game play on young children’s aggression, fantasy, and prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology; 8:453–462.

Singer, J.L, Singer, D.G. (1981). Television, imagination and aggression: A study of preschoolers. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Strassberg, Z. Dodge, K.A. Pettit, G.S. Bates, J.E. (1994). Spanking in the home and children’s subsequent aggression toward kindergarten peers. Development and Psychopathology; 6:445–461.

Susman, E.J. Schmeelk, K.H. Worrall, B.K. Granger, D.A. Ponirakis, A. Chrousos, G.P. (1999). Corticotropin-releasing hormone and cortisol: Longitudinal associations with depression and antisocial behavior in pregnant adolescents. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.;38:460–467.

Taussig, H.N. Litrownik, A.J. (1997). Child maltreatment.Journal of the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children; 2:172–182.

Tremblay, R. E. (2004). Development of physical aggression from early childhood to adulthood, Apud Tremblay RE, Barr RG, Peters, editors.Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development.Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development, 1-6.

Trif, L. Voiculescu, E. (2013). Teoria și metodologia instruirii, Editura Didactică și Pedagogică, București.

Van Dalen, A. Glasserman, M. (1997). My father, Frankenstein: A child’s view of battering parents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Psychiatry; 36:1005-1007.

Webster-Stratton, C. Hammond, M. (1988). Maternal depression and its relationship to life stress, perceptions of child behavior problems, parenting behaviours, and child conduct problems Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology; 16:299–315.

Webster-Stratton, C. Herbert, M. (1994). Troubled Families-Problem Children.Chichester: Wiley;

Zeanah, C.H. Benoit, D. (1995). Clinical applications of a parent perception interview in infant mental healthâ€. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America; 4:550

Zeanah, C.H. (2000). Handbook of Infant Mental Health Apud Shaw D.S. Giliom M. Giovanneli J. Aggressive behavior disorders.The Guilford Press, 398.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-30